Pneumonia virus

This is a common problem at the changing seasons, especially in the cold season. The disease is very difficult to avoid, easy to relapse. Viral pneumonia can lead to complications such as ear infection, pleural effusion, bacterial superinfection ..

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Common symptoms

Disease occurs at any age, especially in people with weakened immunity. The virus enters the body through the nose and throat and cause illness onset after 6-15 days. 40% of cases is caused by the influenza virus, influenza response.

Patients with high fever (usually 38 to 38.5 degrees C), dry cough, abdominal pain, headache, fatigue, pain, chest pain, loss of appetite, sometimes chills. At first, patients with signs of upper respiratory tract infection, similar to the flu: sneezing, runny nose, nasal mucosal swelling, sore throat, cough, mucous mucous sputum or pus, swollen lymph glands in the neck (soft cost, no pain). The elderly, body weakness, poor immunity may be respiratory failure with manifestations of dyspnea, cyanosis.
The signs usually lasts 1-2 weeks.

The severity of the disease depends on the virus and the body's ability to fight. In epidemic affecting many people, a very high risk of severe disease. Subjects prone to severe viral pneumonia at the elderly, children and people with weakened immune systems, thin or chronic diseases (liver, kidney, lung, etc.), diabetes, cancer malignant blood diseases, drugs to reduce long-term immunity.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of viral pneumonia is mainly based on the epidemiological situation (in epidemic areas or not), the clinical symptoms, chest X-rays and blood tests.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for this disease, the treatment focuses on the anti-bacterial superinfection and improve physical fitness.

Patients should use the following two classes of drugs:

- Antibiotics: Help against multiple infections. The antibiotics used are penicillin, amoxycillin, cephalexin, ampicillin, cephalosporins, erythromycin, co-trimoxazol (trimazol, biseptol), cephalosporin. Should take 1-2 combination.

- Vitamins: Helps improve the condition. Can high doses of vitamin C, vitamin B types.

In addition, doctors can only antipyretic drug (if fever), cough suppressant, (if cough). Do not take the medication with corticosteroids.

How to avoid

How is viral pneumonia mainly avoid contact with sick people (especially when epidemic) and influenza vaccination.

Help better understand pneumonia

Lungs are vital organs of the respiratory system, the sides of the chest.

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Respiratory system starting at the nose where the air first, into the trachea, which leads to two main bronchi in the lungs, and then divided into small branches in the lobes of the lung, to the cystic small gas exposed to the tiny blood vessels to help air exchange with the carbon to carbon dioxide is released back out, blood and oxygen to cells.

Pneumonia is pneumonia? What is pneumonia?

Southerners often use the word "pneumonia" instead of "pneumonia." In fact, pneumonia and pneumonia.

Pneumonia is a state of the main components of the lung, especially the alveolar, ie units help lung gas exchange, injury prevents oxygen from entering the bloodstream, and thus make the body , first is the brain of oxygen. Without timely treatment, the body will die from lack of oxygen.

The cause of pneumonia?
- Lung inflammation is usually caused by bacteria or viruses. A lot of different bacteria and viruses can cause pneumonia. Different depending on the cause of the symptoms can vary.

Infections can occur in healthy people, or in the elderly, or young children, immunocompromised; it can occur outside hospitals or in those who have available and are located in a hospital or in the nursing home.

- Another cause of pneumonia is caused by inhalation of chemicals or germs from the mouth or stomach into the lungs. This type of pneumonia usually occurs in people with cerebral vascular accident, problems in swallowing reflex control, or who was in a coma due to alcohol or other drug overdose.

For the above reasons, the most common cause, and the cause is the most dangerous?

Pneumonia was the most common infection in the community.

The young, healthy, infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria less and "gentle", usually lighter, the rate of complications and lower mortality.

Small children, the elderly, already sick, infected in the hospital, often more dangerous, because the bacteria are often resistant to multiple drugs, and the patient's resistance to fight disease also weaker more.

Cold causes pneumonia?

Common flu and cold season, and pneumonia can be a serious complication of the flu. However, the cold is not the cause of the pneumonia.

The symptoms of pneumonia?

Depending on the type of bacteria or virus causing pneumonia, the symptoms can vary.

- In general, in the typical case of pneumonia, patients with high fever, chills, fatigue, cough with phlegm, sometimes in conversation can be stained with blood, chest pain, shortness of breath, sometimes pale .

- In the case of atypical pneumonia, with only fatigue, dry cough, mild fever.

- In older people, pneumonia can sometimes be manifested by symptoms of exhaustion, fatigue, confusion.

How long does pneumonia usually last?

Pneumonia can last from several days to several weeks. Time depends on the disease can be treated promptly and appropriately or not, the resistance of the patient, and the patient has the disease or not.

After all pneumonia, recovery time before pneumonia can last from a week to several weeks.

It is the absence of complications. If complications, more time may be extended.

Complications of pneumonia?

Complications of pneumonia may include:

Infection spread to other parts of the body or systemic infection,

- Lung abscess, which is made up of one or more pus in the lungs

Effusion, empyema: effusion consists of two membranes, usually only a very thin layer between the two films, if fluid or pus, fluid or pus will between the two membranes

- Lung necrosis, ie the lung tissue destruction and death due to infection

The mortality rate is high? Circumstances are often severe, with higher mortality rates?

Pneumonia is a cause of death. Mortality, depending on the type of bacteria and the patient's general health.

In general, whatever the cause, early treatment with antibiotics and appropriate auxiliary methods (such as sufficient oxygen, anti-fever medications, nutrition in patients not eating, follow-up to the room and early treatment of complications, treatment of other diseases in a proper and timely manner, ...) is the most important factor to reduce the complications and mortality.

Overview of pneumonia

Pneumonia is a phenomenon of acute infection in the lungs.

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Cause:

Pneumonia can be caused by complications from measles, whooping cough, influenza, bronchitis, asthma or any other illness. In pneumonia, most are caused by pneumococcus bacteria.

Also can be caused by germs (bacteria), viruses (virus), parasites (parasites), or fungi (fungus).

Symptoms:

1. fast, shallow sometimes wheezing and throbbing nose.

2. usually yellow sputum, that may have blood.

3. chest pain.

4. baby  you are seriously ill and shortness of breath 50/1 minutes to pneumonia.

In the United States, 4 million people get pneumonia each year, largely due to the pneumococcus. About 40,000 people die from the disease each year. It is one of the leading causes of hospitalization of people over age 65. People with pre-illness causes the resistance of the body to decline (such as AIDS, kidney disease, etc.) are also susceptible pneumococcus pneumonia. [2]

Complications

From lung, pneumococcus bacteria can enter the blood, causing blood infections (bacteremia), and the blood to sow flower to other organs (brain, heart, joints, etc.). Once blood infection or inflammation of the meninges occurs, mortality is very high.

Treatment

1. antibiotics as: penicillin, sunphamit.

2.Parenteral penicillin procaine: Adults injections 2 to 3 times per 400 000 units. Or injected ampixilin: adult day injected 4 times with 500 mg. Children dosage by 1/2 to 1/4 adults.

3. heat and pain: use aspirin, axetaminophen,

4.plenty of hot water or steam inhalation.

5. not eat: for liquid food.

6.wheezing illness: asthma medication as teophylin or ephedrine. [3]

Vaccinations Vaccines

The vaccine is a good way to prevent pneumonia caused by pneumococcus bacteria. According to the National Institute of Aging (National Institute of Aging) in the United States, drug pneumococcus pneumonia vaccine (pneumococcal vaccine) effective, sponsored by the Medicare program, but, a lot of older or are brought ill not vaccinated. Items from the past year, since 2000, the Department of Public Health (Public Health Service) hope that the United States is the number of people vaccinated more than 60%.

Pneumococcus bacteria have many lines, but the same breed. Pneumococcus pneumonia vaccine contain substances taken from 23 different pneumococcus strains. Drug injected to stimulate the body will create antibodies (antibodies) against these strains.

The majority of our healthy, 2-3 weeks after vaccination, the people will have antibodies against all or most of the germs, help prevent pneumonia caused by them (protection results 85-95%). Elderly and people with some chronic diseases can not make antibodies as well as healthy young people, so the protection of inferior drugs. Children under 2 years are the same.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Act (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) recommends doctors pneumonia pneumococcus vaccine for you of the following components, can be life-threatening if pneumococcus pneumonia:

- 65 years of age, though there is no critical illness.

- Children over 2 years and adults under 65 are chronic carriers of diseases such as heart disease, lung disease, kidney, diabetes, AIDS, cancer, etc., or who are taking drugs that cause resistance range of body deterioration, such as steroids, anti-cancer drugs.

- He splenectomy, or spleen disease, should not work normally (the spleen is an important organ in the creation of antibodies).

- Those who are in the hospital intensive care (eg nursing homes).

- He has been replaced organ (organ transplant recipients), such as kidney transplants.

- People with cirrhosis of the liver (cirrhosis), or even less, but heavy drinkers.

In principle, a nasal vaccine will protect it for a lifetime, but the following should be vaccinated again after five years, due to the protection faded over time:

1.also spleen (or spleen disease, do not work properly);

2. kidney;

3. nephrotic syndrome (nephrotic syndrome: kidneys keep protein, causing any loss of protein in the urine);

5. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) caused by smoking;

6. on 65 shots before, if any, have more than 5 years.

After vaccination, usually just a little pain and redness at the injection site. Some people have pain, redness more, sometimes fever and muscle aches (less than 1% of the vaccinated cases). Sometimes people with severe reactions (anaphylaxis), and cause cardiovascular collapse (about 5/1.000.000 severe reaction).

In 2005, Rare flu vaccine in the United States (as the British drug company Chiron provide up to half of the flu vaccine to local) [4]; this can increase the pneumococcus pneumonia cases in 2006 and later.

Learn about pneumonia

What is pneumonia?

Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs injured by bacteria, viruses, fungi or other pathogens cause.

via: drgreene.com

 

Pneumonia is particularly worrying problem for the elderly, people with chronic illness or weakened immune systems, but can also occur in healthy young people. It is the leading cause of death for children worldwide.

Signs and symptoms

Signs and symptoms of pneumonia are often very similar to colds and flu. Chest pain is the most common symptom. Symptoms may vary depending on the cause:

Bacterial Pneumonia: Symptoms usually occur suddenly, include chills, high fever, sweating, shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, sputum characteristics of blue or yellow. Pneumonia caused by bacteria usually localized in one area (lobe) of the lung called pneumonia lobe.

Virus: About half of the cases of pneumonia are caused by viruses. The disease usually begins with flu-like symptoms, a dry cough, headache, fever, muscle aches and fatigue. As the disease progresses, patients may have shortness of breath and coughing up sputum or white. The pneumonia virus also the risk of bacterial superinfection.

Mycoplasma: mycoplasma pneumonia with symptoms similar to pneumonia caused by bacteria or virus, but the symptoms are usually mild and patients may not even know if I have pneumonia.

Mushrooms: Some fungi can cause pneumonia, although less common. Some people may have very few symptoms, but some people may have severe pneumonia and persistent.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: Pneumonia caused by P. carinii is a common opportunistic infection in people with HIV / AIDS. Persons with weakened immune system due to organ transplant, chemotherapy or corticosteroid therapy or other immunosuppressive drugs kahc risk. Symptoms of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii include persistent cough, fever and difficulty breathing.

Cause

Pneumonia occurs when the pathogen to overcome the body's defenses and invade the respiratory tract. At that, the white blood cells start attacking pathogens. The accumulation of pathogens, bachc Europe and CCS immune protein in alveolar alveoli causes inflammation and leads to shortness of breath and fluid volume of the common typical pneumonia.

And diagnostic tests

English ran in the lung when listening with a stethoscope.

Chest X-rays to identify pneumonia as well as the location and extent of lesions in the lungs.

Blood tests and sputum tests.

Treatment

The treatment usually depending on the severity of symptoms and pneumonia. Specifically:

- Bacterial Pneumonia: usually treated with antibiotics. To prevent drug resistance, the need to use adequate doses of antibiotics even when the disease was in remission.

- Viral Pneumonia: Antibiotics have no effect. Patients are generally treated the same as with the flu: rest and drink plenty of water ..

Mycoplasma pneumonia: antibiotic treatment. In some cases the disease can be very mild and do not require treatment.

Fungal pneumonia: will be treated with antifungal medications.

Prevention

· Full Vaccination

· Wash your hands often

· Do not smoke

· A reasonable diet and regular exercise to enhance fitness.